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Reproductive Immunology

Reproductive immunology focuses on understanding how your immune system might affect your ability to get pregnant and carry a pregnancy to term. Using medication we can improve pregnancy outcomes. ARGC has been a pioneer in the UK in studying and treating recurrent implantation failure and embryo implantation immunology. Since 2002, we've been addressing immune imbalances and helping many of our patients who have experienced failed IVF/ICSI cycles elsewhere, miscarriages or have complex fertility issues.

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What Are Natural Killer Cells?

Natural Killer (NK) cells are a type of immune cells present in the peripheral blood and uterus that play a crucial role in embryo implantation. Normally, the immune system supports pregnancy, but imbalances can disrupt this process and fight against it, especially in cases of recurrent implantation failure, recurrent miscarriage, endometriosis or autoimmune conditions like thyroid disorders or lupus.

What Are Cytokines?

Cytokines are signalling proteins that influence the immune response. An imbalance in cytokine levels can lead to an overactive immune response, which might negatively impact embryo implantation.

Types Of Treatment

Intralipids (ILP)

This is an intravenous fat emulsion with anti-inflammatory effects. It helps reduce the activity of NK cells and lowers the production of cytokines. This helps decrease inflammation in the uterus and improve the environment for embryo implantation.

IVIG (Intravenous Immunoglobulin)

This blood product, made from donated plasma contains antibodies that can neutralise harmful autoantibodies. In women with elevated natural killer cells and cytokines, IVIG helps reduce an overactive immune system and  prevent it from impacting embryo implantation.

Steroid Tablets

These are anti-inflammatory medications that can help calm the immune system and reduce inflammation.

Hydroxychloroquine Tablets

Traditionally used for autoimmune disorders, hydroxychloroquine has anti-inflammatory properties and helps regulate the immune system. It also helps control symptoms in women with immunological conditions that could affect embryo implantation.

Humira

This is an immunosuppressant injection that may be given to women with elevated cytokines before starting IVF cycles to prevent excessive immune reactions.

Neupogen

G-CSF (Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor) is a natural cytokine and neupogen is a synthetic version of G-CSF. Research shows that G-CSF can help with issues like thin endometrium, recurrent implantation failure, and miscarriage. It can be administered either directly into the uterus (intrauterine) or through subcutaneous injections around embryo transfer and early pregnancy.

More Questions?

You can find answers to common questions below. Remember, our team is always here to help if you have any further questions.

Side effects vary depending on the specific treatment and will be discussed with you. You will be advised regarding the medication based on your results and individual medical history.

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